Synergy

The model simulates changes in area energy indicators such as total demand, total supply and net energy positivity. Changes to energy demand and supply occur when new buildings are built. These buildings are assigned energy demands, electric vehicle charging capacity, and photovoltaic installations. The demand and supply side both feature dynamics that can be influenced by various public policy and city planner actions. Examples of dynamics include: EV charging stations being filled until capacity is reached; building stock energy demand changing with renovation and construction; PV installations generating further interest towards (or disillusionment of) PV options; PV installations generating competitive price reductions in installation services. Examples of intervention options include: the rate and energy efficiency of new construction projects; renovation timelines; inclusion of EV charging and PV energy in new buildings; taxes and subsidies on electricity or PV installations. Context parameters that affect results of interventions include: resistance to PV installations (non-economic aspects); grid market price; enthusiasm towards EVs; construction and installation durations.